Hofstede’s Value Dimensions
An extremely important cultural framework was advanced by Geert Hofstede in 1980, in his book Culture’s Consequences, based on extensive multinational survey data comprising 1,660,000 respondents from 40 nations. This work has profoundly impacted the fields of cross-cultural psychology, organizational behavior, and management. In his initial work, Hofstede conceptualized a four-dimension framework for understanding culture across nations. These dimensions were: Individualism- Collectivism, Power Distance , Masculinity-Femininity , and Uncertainty Avoidance . Subsequently, Hofstede added a fifth dimension, Long-Term Orientation, to his framework.
Hofstede’s Value DimensionsAn extremely important cultural framework was advanced by Geert Hofstede in 1980, in his book Culture’s Consequences, based on extensive multinational survey data comprising 1,660,000 respondents from 40 nations. This work has profoundly impacted the fields of cross-cultural psychology, organizational behavior, and management. In his initial work, Hofstede conceptualized a four-dimension framework for understanding culture across nations. These dimensions were: Individualism- Collectivism, Power Distance , Masculinity-Femininity , and Uncertainty Avoidance . Subsequently, Hofstede added a fifth dimension, Long-Term Orientation, to his framework.
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