Box 1.1 Null model hypothesis testing
The testing of null hypotheses has been a major approach used by ecologists to examine questions about natural systems (Cherry 1998;Anderson et al. 2000). Simply stated, null hypotheses are phrased so that the primary question of interest is that there is no difference between two or more populations or among treatment and control groups. The researcher then hopes to find that there is indeed a difference at some prescribed probability level – often P_0.05, sometimes P_0.1. Criticism of the null hypothesis approach has existed
in some scientific fields for a while, but is relatively new to ecology.
Recent criticism of null hypothesis testing and the reporting of
P-values in ecology has ranged from suggested overuse and abuse to
absolute frivolity and nonsensicality, and null hypotheses have been
termed strawman hypotheses (i.e., a statement that the scientist
knows from the onset is not true) by some authors. Opponents to
null hypothesis testing also complain that this approach often confuses
the interpretation of data, adds very little to the advancement
of knowledge, and is not even a part of the scientific method
(Cherry 1998; Johnson 1999; Anderson et al. 2000).
Box 1.1 Null model hypothesis testing
The testing of null hypotheses has been a major approach used by ecologists to examine questions about natural systems (Cherry 1998;Anderson et al. 2000). Simply stated, null hypotheses are phrased so that the primary question of interest is that there is no difference between two or more populations or among treatment and control groups. The researcher then hopes to find that there is indeed a difference at some prescribed probability level – often P_0.05, sometimes P_0.1. Criticism of the null hypothesis approach has existed
in some scientific fields for a while, but is relatively new to ecology.
Recent criticism of null hypothesis testing and the reporting of
P-values in ecology has ranged from suggested overuse and abuse to
absolute frivolity and nonsensicality, and null hypotheses have been
termed strawman hypotheses (i.e., a statement that the scientist
knows from the onset is not true) by some authors. Opponents to
null hypothesis testing also complain that this approach often confuses
the interpretation of data, adds very little to the advancement
of knowledge, and is not even a part of the scientific method
(Cherry 1998; Johnson 1999; Anderson et al. 2000).
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