“any chemical that, when added to food, tends to prevent or retard deterioration thereof, but does not include common salt, sugars, vinegars, spices, or oils extracted from spices, substances added to food by direct exposure thereof to wood smoke, or chemicals applied for their
insecticidal or herbicidal properties” (1). The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) directly adopted FDA’s definition for “chemical preservative” in 9 CFR 301.2(9)(2)