However, the rate of reactivity of ONE with N-acetyl
cysteine was 238 M−1 s−1 while the reactivity of HNE was much
slower at 1.22 M−1 s−1 [42]. This disparity between the chemical reactivity
and biological effects (i.e. toxicity) with parent compounds
HNE and ONE suggests that, perhaps, the rate-limiting event in the
cellular response to lipid electrophiles may be of a biological rather than a chemical nature.