Following Kahn et al. (1964) and Hackman and Oldham (1975), we define job stress in terms of role demands originating in the work environment. Physical (e.g., high blood pressure, high cholesterol), psychological (e.g., anxiety, burnout), and behavioral strains (e.g., low performance, absenteeism) are common reactions or outcomes resulting from the experience of job stressors (Jex and Beehr, 1991).