Energy and CO2: Mumbai ranks average in energy and CO2. Its inhabitants emit an estimated 1 tonne of CO2 per capita per year, which is much lower than the Index average of 4.6 tonnes. Due to a lack of comprehensive data, however, Mumbai’s CO2 emissions performance is based on calculations which include data from 2004. Mumbai does well on the share of renewables it uses for electricity production. At 21% it has the fourth highest percentage in the Index, with hydro power accounting for most of it. On the other side, Mumbai registers an above average rate of energy consumption compared to its economic output. It consumes an estimated 6.5 megajoules of energy per US$ of GDP, compared to the Index average of 6 megajoules. However, the same caveats apply to the calculation of energy consumption figure as for the CO2 emissions figures above. Elsewhere in the energy and CO2 category, Mumbai scores poorly in policy areas. For example, it has a relatively weak strategy to reduce the environmental impact of energy consumption. And Mumbai’s climate change action plan covers only energy, buildings and waste, while missing, for example, transport. However, the city has signed up to the C40 group of cities that have made a pledge to reduce greenhouse gases, and it does score highly in the Index for its efforts to source renewable energy.