In a follow up study, Ritzhaupt and Barron
(2008) investigated the effects of time-compressed
narration and representational adjunct images
on a learner’s ability to recall and recognize
information as well as learner satisfaction. The
experiment included 305 research participants
in a 4 Audio Speeds (1.0 vs. 1.5 vs. 2.0 vs. 2.5) ×
Adjunct Image (Image Present vs. Image Absent)
factorial design. The results showed statistically
significant differences at 2.5 times the normal
audio speed, in which performance on cued-recall
and content recognition tasks was significantly
lower than other audio speeds (Ritzhaupt &
Barron, 2008). The presence of representational
adjunct images had a significant positive effect
on cued-recall, but not content recognition. The
participants in the normal audio speed and image
present groups were significantly more satisfied
than those in other treatments.