Thus put simply, SHRM according to configuration theorists requires an organization to develop a HR system that achieves both horizontal and vertical integration. The configuration approach contributes to the SHRM debate in recognizing the need for organizations to achieve both vertical and horizontal fit through their HR practices, so as to contribute to an organization’s competitive advantage and therefore be deemed strategic. The use of performance management practices and competency frameworks are typically adopted to provide for coherence across a range of HR activities.