seek medical treatment in mainland China. This finding is
consistent with that of western countries (Fitzcharles et al.
2009, Dworkin et al. 2011). Pain intensity and its interference
in this sample tended to be slightly higher than, or
similar to, that of western countries (Heiberg & Kvien 2002,
Katz 2005, Connelly et al. 2007, Hawker et al. 2008,
Fitzcharles et al. 2009, Dworkin et al. 2011). Fitzcharles
et al. (2009) reported a lower proportion of moderate to
severe pain, while Cheriel et al. (2009) reported a higher
proportion of severe pain.