Aquaculture of softshell clams (Mya arenaria), also
called “steamer clams” (Figure 1), has grown steadily
and is becoming a significant industry in New England.
Successful spawning and rearing of softshell clams, like
all bivalve mollusks, requires effort and experience.
Considerable information exists for other commercially
important bivalve species (e.g., Matthiessen 1989, Rice
1992, Conte et al. 1994, Hadley et al. 1997, Hadley and
Whetstone 2007), some of which is readily transferrable
to softshell clams. Culture techniques specific to softshell
clams are not similarly well defined. Early work in
Massachusetts by the pioneering Dr. David Belding during
the first decade of the twentieth century focused on
soft clam management and life history. His work
remains the definitive treatise for this popular New England
species and was recently republished by Cape Cod
Cooperative Extension (2004). Ellis and Waterman
(1998) developed a guide for public enhancement of
softshell clam beds, which provides an overview of culture
techniques. Examined in this fact sheet are specific
aspects of softshell clam production during the Hatchery
Phase and description of variations in management practices
at three shellfish facilities: two in Massachusetts
and one in Maine.
Aquaculture of softshell clams (Mya arenaria), alsocalled “steamer clams” (Figure 1), has grown steadilyand is becoming a significant industry in New England.Successful spawning and rearing of softshell clams, likeall bivalve mollusks, requires effort and experience.Considerable information exists for other commerciallyimportant bivalve species (e.g., Matthiessen 1989, Rice1992, Conte et al. 1994, Hadley et al. 1997, Hadley andWhetstone 2007), some of which is readily transferrableto softshell clams. Culture techniques specific to softshellclams are not similarly well defined. Early work inMassachusetts by the pioneering Dr. David Belding duringthe first decade of the twentieth century focused onsoft clam management and life history. His workremains the definitive treatise for this popular New Englandspecies and was recently republished by Cape CodCooperative Extension (2004). Ellis and Waterman(1998) developed a guide for public enhancement ofsoftshell clam beds, which provides an overview of culturetechniques. Examined in this fact sheet are specificaspects of softshell clam production during the HatcheryPhase and description of variations in management practicesat three shellfish facilities: two in Massachusettsand one in Maine.
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