Most discussions of power imply a unilateral process of influence from the agent to the target.
It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that power involves a reciprocal relationship
between the agent and the target, which is in accordance with the overall social
cognitive perspective taken in this text. The power relationship can be better understood by
examining some of the characteristics of the target. The following characteristics have been
identified as being especially important to the influenceability of targets
As in other areas of organizational behavior and management, contingency approaches to
power have emerged. For example, Pfeffer simply says that power comes from being in the
“right” place. He describes the right place or position in the organization as one where the
manager has
The following characteristics have been
identified as being especially important to the liability to influence of targets
being dependent from something