New satellites, high tech measuring equipment and improving supercomputers are helping scientists and researchers learn more about the weather patterns of the earth. By mid century you can expect more accurate weather predictions and eventually, controlling the weather itself.
Governments throughout the world are researching weather modification. Potential benefits of controlling the weather would be increasing crop yields, decreasing the severity of storms, accurate forecasts, eliminate drought, stop global warming, protection from harmful solar energy, clear skies for astronomers, air traffic, solar panels. There are also military uses, such as making sure the weather is clear for a mission or covering the enemy with snow, fog, hail or lightning strikes.
A far better use of weather modification would be if we could someday prevent hurricanes from ever reaching land. That would be a future to behold.