Motivation “energizes” human behavior and “gives it direction” (Dornyei, 1998, p. 117) and is a significant dimension
in language learning (Gardner, 1985; Gardner et al. 2004; Lightbown & Spada, 1993). A large spectrum of theories
covers the many variables that affect student motivation in the second language (L2) classroom. These are reviewed
and drawn upon in examining the views on foreign/ second language learning of learners and the teachers who
participated in this study.