4. Data and variables
4.1. Data and sample
Considering that the SSE Corporate Governance Sector was introduced in 2007, with its constituents finally
confirmed at the end of that year, this study’s preliminary sample comprises all A-share companies listed on
the SSE for the 2007–2008 period. The following selection procedure was executed. First, in line with similar
studies (Liu and Hu, 2006; Cai, 2007), we removed observations of financial enterprises. Second, we removed
observations with incomplete data. Third, we removed observations listed on or after November 2, 2007,
which is the expiration date for voluntary applications from listed companies, according to the “Appraisal
Measures of SSE Corporate Governance Sector.”5 Finally, to alleviate the influence of outliers, we removed
all observations whose Tobin’s Q value falls outside the range of the mean minus two times the standard deviation
and the mean plus two times the standard deviation. The final sample contains 602 observations for 2007
(149 in the SSE Corporate Governance Sector) and 678 for 2008 (184 in the SSE Corporate Governance Sector).
Table 1 summarizes the sample selection procedure.
4. Data and variables
4.1. Data and sample
Considering that the SSE Corporate Governance Sector was introduced in 2007, with its constituents finally
confirmed at the end of that year, this study’s preliminary sample comprises all A-share companies listed on
the SSE for the 2007–2008 period. The following selection procedure was executed. First, in line with similar
studies (Liu and Hu, 2006; Cai, 2007), we removed observations of financial enterprises. Second, we removed
observations with incomplete data. Third, we removed observations listed on or after November 2, 2007,
which is the expiration date for voluntary applications from listed companies, according to the “Appraisal
Measures of SSE Corporate Governance Sector.”5 Finally, to alleviate the influence of outliers, we removed
all observations whose Tobin’s Q value falls outside the range of the mean minus two times the standard deviation
and the mean plus two times the standard deviation. The final sample contains 602 observations for 2007
(149 in the SSE Corporate Governance Sector) and 678 for 2008 (184 in the SSE Corporate Governance Sector).
Table 1 summarizes the sample selection procedure.
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