Once the desired alcohol content (13% v/v) was reached, the
metal cylinders containing the biocapsules were withdrawn from
the fermentation medium and placed in another Erlenmeyer flask
containing fresh raisin must for subsequent reuse. Raisin grape
must and fermentation batches were stopped by adding wine
alcohol up to a final ethanol content of 15% v/v and refrigerating at
2 C. The obtained wines for this study were traditional Pedro
Ximenez wine without fermentation, which was obtained by
fortification of the raisin must with 15% (v/v) wine ethanol (T),
sweet wine from free yeast cells (F) and sweet wines from repeated
batch fermentations with immobilized yeast cells (B1eB5). All
fermentation batches were performed at 24 C in triplicate.