Between the rise of the Khmer Empire around 800 and Vietnam's territorial push to the south, the Champa kingdom began to shrink. In the1471 Vietnamese invasion of Champa, it suffered a serious defeat at the hands of the Vietnamese, in which 120,000 people were either captured or killed, and the kingdom was reduced to a small enclave near Nha Trang. Between 1607 and 1676, one of the Champa kings converted to Islam, and during this period Islam became a dominant feature of Cham society.