The network shown in Fig. 4-4(a) contains five nodes, where4and5are simple nodes and1,2, and3
are principal nodes. In the node voltage method, one of the principal nodes is selected as the reference
and equations based on KCL are written at the other principal nodes. At each of these other principal
nodes, a voltage is assigned, where it is understood that this is a voltagewith respect to the reference
node. These voltages are the unknowns and, when determined by a suitable method, result in the
network solution.