1. Introduction
Species of the genus Miscanthus are perennial giant grasses from East Asia, and they were introduced to Europe from Japan in 1935 (Greef and Deuter, 1993; Linde-Laursen, 1993). Because
of their C4 type of photosynthesis and highly efficient water use, they are highly promising for biomass production (Lewandowski, 2006; Lewandowski and Schmidt, 2006) and will likely play an
important role in sustainable agriculture in the near future. For biomass production, the most valuable species from the genus are the fertile diploid Miscanthus sinensis (Anderss.) (2n=2x = 38) and the sterile triploid Miscanthus x giganteus (GREEF et DEU.) (2n=3x = 57), the latter being an interspecific allopolyploid hybrid of the diploid M. sinensis and the tetraploid M. sacchariflorus (Linde-Laursen, 1993). Approximate genome sizes of the diploid M. sinensis and the triploid M. x giganteus are 5.2–5.3 and 6.8 Gbp, respec- tively (Rayburn et al., 2009). The majority of M. sinensis genotypes are diploids, although triploid intraspecific hybrids between a diploid and tetraploid M. sinensis can also occur, e.g., M. sinensis
‘Goliath’.
1. IntroductionSpecies of the genus Miscanthus are perennial giant grasses from East Asia, and they were introduced to Europe from Japan in 1935 (Greef and Deuter, 1993; Linde-Laursen, 1993). Becauseof their C4 type of photosynthesis and highly efficient water use, they are highly promising for biomass production (Lewandowski, 2006; Lewandowski and Schmidt, 2006) and will likely play animportant role in sustainable agriculture in the near future. For biomass production, the most valuable species from the genus are the fertile diploid Miscanthus sinensis (Anderss.) (2n=2x = 38) and the sterile triploid Miscanthus x giganteus (GREEF et DEU.) (2n=3x = 57), the latter being an interspecific allopolyploid hybrid of the diploid M. sinensis and the tetraploid M. sacchariflorus (Linde-Laursen, 1993). Approximate genome sizes of the diploid M. sinensis and the triploid M. x giganteus are 5.2–5.3 and 6.8 Gbp, respec- tively (Rayburn et al., 2009). The majority of M. sinensis genotypes are diploids, although triploid intraspecific hybrids between a diploid and tetraploid M. sinensis can also occur, e.g., M. sinensis‘Goliath’.
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