2.2. Model for infant mortality
In order to examine infant mortality conditional on health at birth, we modify the birth outcomes model to capture the fact that birth outcomes are a one-time occurrence but mortality is a continuously updated outcome.
For example, the risk of death is highest in the first week or two of life and drops sharply thereafter.
Therefore,we estimate a weekly hazard model with time-varying covariates to account for a varying probability of survival and levels of pollution over the infants’ first year of life.
To do this, we treat an infant who lived for n weeks as if they contributed n person-week observations to the sample.
The dependent variable is coded as in the period the infant dies, and 0 in all other periods.
Each time-invariant covariate (such as birth parity) is repeated for every period, while the time-varying covariates (such as pollution and weather) are updated each period.
2.2. Model for infant mortality
In order to examine infant mortality conditional on health at birth, we modify the birth outcomes model to capture the fact that birth outcomes are a one-time occurrence but mortality is a continuously updated outcome.
For example, the risk of death is highest in the first week or two of life and drops sharply thereafter.
Therefore,we estimate a weekly hazard model with time-varying covariates to account for a varying probability of survival and levels of pollution over the infants’ first year of life.
To do this, we treat an infant who lived for n weeks as if they contributed n person-week observations to the sample.
The dependent variable is coded as in the period the infant dies, and 0 in all other periods.
Each time-invariant covariate (such as birth parity) is repeated for every period, while the time-varying covariates (such as pollution and weather) are updated each period.
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