Metal removal
Pollution of water bodies with heavy metal ions could lead to serious ecological consequences which would affect freshwater reserves, aquatic and human lives; resulting from heavy metalladen water sources and increased water conductivity. Heavy metal ions have grave consequences on all forms of life if they are absorbed wholly or derivatively into food chains through agricultural activities which require water for plant cultivation and animal consumption. Owing to this high level of toxicity,
wastewater effluents are to be treated effectively to remove and/or minimize metal ion contents