Surface-exposed OMPs. We have developed a number of methods for identifying surface-exposed OMPs and secreted proteins that are expressed during mammalian host infection and are involved in key host-pathogen interactions (2). Surface-exposed OMPs include both transmembrane OMPs and lipoproteins, including the leptospiral immunoglobulin-like (Lig) proteins, which exhibit high avidity binding to host ligands and inhibit fibrin formation (3,4). In collaboration with Mathieu Picardeau and Albert Ko, we developed a surrogate host expression system for assessing the contribution of leptospiral OMPs to the adhesion phenotype of leptospiral cells (5).