In relation to how to present songs to YLs,
Phillips (1993) points out that we should
incorporate some of the techniques from
the Total Physical Response (TPR) approach
(such as Listen and Do songs). TPR is built
around the coordination of speech and action,
focusing on teaching languages through physical
activity (Richards and Rodgers 2001).
This is an extremely useful and adaptable
teaching technique, especially in the case of YLs who listen to their teacher’s instructions
in the form of commands and then follow
those instructions. For example, in the introduction
of new commands, the teacher first
says, “Wash your hands,” and then shows the
action to this command. Next, the teacher
gives the command and asks the students to
perform the action. Similar routines are carried
out all through the lesson.
Likewise, Sarıçoban and Metin (2000)
suggest that adding motions that parallel the
words of the song makes songs more meaningful
and enjoyable. Choosing action songs
to which learners can dance or act while singing
will ensure a lively atmosphere.
Overall, there seems to be general agreement
among scholars and teachers that a
three-staged approach is the most effective
way to present songs to YLs. These stages are
(1) pre-teaching, (2) while-teaching, and (3)
post-teaching. In the following lesson plan,
Listen and Do songs will be presented according
to these three stages.