Introduction Earnings are the important measure of firm performance and used by many users. For example, earnings are used by firms to assess management performance and set up executive compensation plans. They are also used by creditors to determine debt covenants, and by investors to make investing decisions. Earnings are the bottom line items, which are the results of revenue recognition and matching principles. International Accounting Standard (IAS) No. 18, Revenue, identifies the revenue recognition principle, which requires revenues to be recognized only when it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity (IASB 2009b). The matching principle requires expenses associated directly with revenues to be recognized in the same period when revenue is recognized. The accrual basis plays an important role in reducing the timing and matching problems that may incur from using cash basis and enable earnings to closely reflect firm performance.