aspirational groups
dissociative groups
reference group A person's reference are all the groups that have a direct (face-to-face) or indirect influence on their attitudes or behavior. Group having a direct influence are called membership group. Some of these are primary groups with whom the person interacts fairly continuously and informally, such as family, friends, neighbors, and cowrokers. People also belong to secondary groups, such as religious, professional, and trade-union gruops, which tend to be more formal and require less continuous interaction
direct
aspirational groups
informally