Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is typically native to the tropical regions of the world but its cultivation has been extended rapidly over the sub-tropics between latitude 50°North and 55°South because of its wide range of ecological adaptability. It is a perennial crop, belonging
to the family Gramineae (Poaceae), and requires a temperature above 20°C in order to thrive, and a period of about eight to twenty four months to reach maturity.