An advantage of independent culling levels is that selection can occur at different productive the animal's lifetime weaning). This is more cost effective than the index method, where no culling would occur until records are recorded for all traits. For example, bull A would have been quickly culled by the independent culling level method as opposed to waiting until yearling weight and thus incurring additional cost, as would be the case with the selection index. A combination of the two methods may be most useful and cost effective.