2.1. Maintenance of fish
Fish were acclimated for 3 months to 0x, 1x, 3x, or 9x salinity in closed
recirculating systems, as described by Altinok and Grizzle (2001). When ammonia and
urea excretion were measured, fish weights (meanFS.D.) were: channel catfish, 10F3.0 g;
goldfish, 5.5F0.8 g; striped bass, 6.6F0.8 g; Gulf sturgeon, 13F0.6 g; rainbow trout,
5.7F0.6; and brown trout, 5.8F0.9 g.
Fish were fed twice a day with Zeigler salmon starter (Zeigler Brothers, Gardners,
Pennsylvania) totaling 5% body weight (BW)/day. Fish were subsampled weekly to adjust
feeding rates. Photoperiod was 12 h light/12 h dark.