indicate that the following aspects are accessible by, and important for, K–12 science students:
(a) Scientific knowledge is tentative (subject to change), (b) empirically based (based on
and/or derived from observations of the natural world), (c) subjective (theory laden), (d) necessarily
involves human inference, imagination, and creativity (involves the invention of explanations),
(e) necessarily involves a combination of observations and inferences, and (f) is socially
and culturally embedded. One additional aspect, that has not been addressed by reform
documents, but is closely related to an understanding of observation and inference is the function
of, and relationships between, scientific theories and laws.