Thermal pollution
Thermal pollution is defined as the addition of excess of undesirable heat to water thereby making it harmful to man, animal or aquatic life. Thermal pollution may also cause significant departures from nor activities of aquatic communities.
Control measures for thermal pollution
The following methods can be adapted to control high temperature caused by thermal discharges:
Cooling towers: Use of water from water systems for cooling systems for cooling purposes, Cooling towers are of two types:
(i) Wet cooling tower:
(ii) Dry cooling tower:
Cooling ponds: Cooling ponds are the best way to cool thermal discharges.
Spray ponds: The water coming out from condensers is allowed to pass into the ponds through sprayers.
Artificial lakes: Artificial lakes are man made water bodies that offer once-through cooling.