Social psychological criminology that has examined the relationship between the self
and criminality has ignored aged-graded causal factors, while developmental criminology has
neglected the impact the self-concept has on offending. In this study I contend that
synthesizing self-concept and developmental perspectives provides a more complete and
robust developmental social psychology of offending. Reflected appraisals were identified
as one of the primary dimensions of self-concept. The purpose of this study was to examine
the developmental changes in reflected appraisals and how they affect offending behavior
over time by age and by sex. My dissertation integrates the central concepts from both
perspectives to advance a developmental social psychology of crime that includes self
[reflected appraisals] and age-graded explanations o f offending. To complete this task, a
secondary analysis of the first six waves of the National Youth Survey (NYS) was conducted.
The NYS is a national probability sample of 1.725 adolescents aged 11 - 17 at the time of the
initial interview (wave one). Theoretical models were developed as linear equations to study
the predictiveness of reflected appraisals on subsequent offending by age and by sex. Theresearch question for this study is, “who [parents, teachers, friends] is important [selective
perception], for what [reflected appraisals], when [age 13, 15, 17]. The results indicate that
reflected appraisals do add to the understanding and predictability of future offending over
and above what was explained by prior offending, sex, race, and parental income. The
findings also revealed significant differences in the effects o f reflected appraisals across both
age and sex.
Social psychological criminology that has examined the relationship between the selfand criminality has ignored aged-graded causal factors, while developmental criminology hasneglected the impact the self-concept has on offending. In this study I contend thatsynthesizing self-concept and developmental perspectives provides a more complete androbust developmental social psychology of offending. Reflected appraisals were identifiedas one of the primary dimensions of self-concept. The purpose of this study was to examinethe developmental changes in reflected appraisals and how they affect offending behaviorover time by age and by sex. My dissertation integrates the central concepts from bothperspectives to advance a developmental social psychology of crime that includes self[reflected appraisals] and age-graded explanations o f offending. To complete this task, asecondary analysis of the first six waves of the National Youth Survey (NYS) was conducted.The NYS is a national probability sample of 1.725 adolescents aged 11 - 17 at the time of theinitial interview (wave one). Theoretical models were developed as linear equations to studythe predictiveness of reflected appraisals on subsequent offending by age and by sex. Theresearch question for this study is, “who [parents, teachers, friends] is important [selectiveperception], for what [reflected appraisals], when [age 13, 15, 17]. The results indicate thatreflected appraisals do add to the understanding and predictability of future offending overand above what was explained by prior offending, sex, race, and parental income. Thefindings also revealed significant differences in the effects o f reflected appraisals across bothage and sex.
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