We have scrutinized the adsorption energy, electronic structure, natural bond analysis (NBO), density ofstate (DOS) and global indices for adsorption of acetyl chloride (AC) and acetyl fluoride (AF) on the surfaceof pristine graphene as well as Al-doped graphene. The adsorption energies have been calculated for themost stable configurations of the molecules on the surface of pristine and Al-doped graphene. Accordingto the calculated parameters, there is very weak physical adsorption of AC and AF on pristine graphenewhile strong adsorption takes place in the case of Al-doped graphene. The charge transfer from adsorbedmolecules to Al-doped graphene surface was confirmed by the natural bond orbital as well as the Mullikenpopulation analysis while there is no charge transfer with pristine graphene. Additionally, the densityof states results reveal that orbital hybridization takes place between above-mentioned molecules andAl-doped graphene sheet, whereas there is no hybridization between the molecules and the pristinegraphene. Our calculated adsorption energies for the most stable position configurations of AC and AFon Al-doped graphene were −68.8 kJ mol−1(−52.6 kJ mol−1BSSE corrected energy) and −78.4 kJ mol−1(−64.3 kJ mol−1BSSE corrected energy) which are correspond to chemisorptions process respectively.These results point to the appropriateness of Al-doped graphene as a powerful adsorbent for practicalapplications.