The power of the EU to control economic policy-making is not, there-fore, absolute - but it has been significant. In addition to the direct impact of EU directive, the multi-level political process involved in economic policy discussion within the EU has indirectly impacted on economic policies in a variety of ways. Domestic policy actors' preferences about desirable economic policies are arguably shaped by their activities at an EU-level, thus undermining national specificities. However, the ' disruptive' potential of the EU for different economic policy models is further enhanced by the fact that policies for different areas of the economy- the different 'regulatory subspheres' - are subjest to differing governing dynamics within the EU. This means it is ddifficult for one 'deminant social block' or 'ideological approach' to dominate 'across all the regulatory subspheres of coherent production regimes' (Callaghan, 2010:565, 570). As a result, 'multilevel governance affects preference and cleavage patterns in way that threaten to undermine both liberal and coordinated varieties of capitalism' (ibid.:565)