Human resource management is a function in organizations designed to maximize employee performance in service of their employer’s strategic objectives. Human resource is primarily concerned with how people are managed within organizations, focusing on policies and systems. Human resource departments and units in organizations are typically responsible for a number of activities, including employee recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal, and rewarding (e.g. managing pay and benefit systems). Human resource is also concerned with industrial relations, that is, the balancing of organizational practices with regulations arising from collective bargaining and governmental laws.