Osteoporosis is very common, particularly in post-menopausal women and is characterized by a decrease in bone
mass and strength. Osteoporosis also affects the jawbone and it is considered a potential contraindication to placement
of dental implants. The present paper reviews the literature regarding the effect of osteoporosis on osseointegration
of implants. Experimental models have shown that osteoporosis affects the process of osseointegration,
which can be reversed by treatment. However, studies in subjects with osteoporosis have shown no differences
in survival of the implants compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, osteoporosis cannot be considered a contraindication
for implant placement. Oral bisphosphonates are the most commonly used pharmacological agents in
the treatment of osteoporosis. Although there have been cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients treated with
bisphosphonates, they are very rare and it is more usually associated with intravenous bisphosphonates in patients
with neoplasms or other serious diseases. Nevertheless, patients treated with bisphosphonates must be informed in
writing about the possibility of this complication and must give informed consent. Ceasing to use bisphosphonates
before implant placement does not seem to be necessary.