Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, comparative
study with a case-control design. One thousand three
hundred eighty-one women (aged 20–87 years) attending
six Primary Healthcare Centers in Turkey were enrolled in
this study, after giving their informed consent. Subjects
were dichotomized into cases and controls according to
presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and were matched for
the confounding factors age, body mass index (BMI), and
reproductive history