Hatching Time
Female chicks hatched earlier than male chicks (P <
0.01; Figure 1). Chick BW at each age are presented
in Table 1. No difference in hatch weight was observed
among hatching times, but BW gain per hour from
hatch to d 0 decreased with hatching time (P < 0.01).
At d 0, chick BW were higher among chicks in the
early group (52.9 ± 0.3 g), compared with those in the
midterm (51.0 ± 0.3 g; P < 0.01) and late (48.3 ± 0.3
g; P < 0.01) groups. From d 0 to 7, growth per hour
decreased with hatching time (P < 0.01; Figure 2). Day
7 BW were higher for chicks in the early group (168.4 ±
1.4 g) compared with those in the midterm (162.7 ± 1.3
g; P < 0.01) and late groups (151.8 ± 1.3 g; P < 0.01).
From d 7 to 21, chicks in the late group showed lower
growth than chicks in the early (P = 0.05) and midterm
groups (P = 0.02). At d 21, chicks in the early (823 ±
8 g) and midterm groups (821 ± 7 g) were heavier than
those in the late group (788 ± 7 g; P < 0.01). The effect
of hatching time on chick growth was not affected
by hatching system or sex. From d 21 to 45, growth was
not affected by hatching time, and d 45 BW did not
differ among hatching times.
Organ weights are presented in Figure 3. All absolute
and relative organ weights, except yolk weights,
increased from the early and midterm groups to the
late group. Both absolute and relative yolk weights decreased
with hatching time (P < 0.01). Yolk-free body
mass was calculated as BW minus yolk weight, and was
not affected by hatching time.
Concentrations of blood parameters at hatch are presented
in Figure 4. Chicks in the late group had higher
glucose than those in the early and midterm groups (P
< 0.01). Lactate was higher in chicks in the early group
than in those in the late group (P < 0.01), with chicks
in the midterm group being intermediate and not different
from the other groups. No effect of hatching time
on corticosterone level was observed.
Hatching TimeFemale chicks hatched earlier than male chicks (P <0.01; Figure 1). Chick BW at each age are presentedin Table 1. No difference in hatch weight was observedamong hatching times, but BW gain per hour fromhatch to d 0 decreased with hatching time (P < 0.01).At d 0, chick BW were higher among chicks in theearly group (52.9 ± 0.3 g), compared with those in themidterm (51.0 ± 0.3 g; P < 0.01) and late (48.3 ± 0.3g; P < 0.01) groups. From d 0 to 7, growth per hourdecreased with hatching time (P < 0.01; Figure 2). Day7 BW were higher for chicks in the early group (168.4 ±1.4 g) compared with those in the midterm (162.7 ± 1.3g; P < 0.01) and late groups (151.8 ± 1.3 g; P < 0.01).From d 7 to 21, chicks in the late group showed lowergrowth than chicks in the early (P = 0.05) and midtermgroups (P = 0.02). At d 21, chicks in the early (823 ±8 g) and midterm groups (821 ± 7 g) were heavier thanthose in the late group (788 ± 7 g; P < 0.01). The effectof hatching time on chick growth was not affectedby hatching system or sex. From d 21 to 45, growth wasnot affected by hatching time, and d 45 BW did notdiffer among hatching times.Organ weights are presented in Figure 3. All absoluteand relative organ weights, except yolk weights,increased from the early and midterm groups to thelate group. Both absolute and relative yolk weights decreasedwith hatching time (P < 0.01). Yolk-free bodymass was calculated as BW minus yolk weight, and wasnot affected by hatching time.Concentrations of blood parameters at hatch are presentedin Figure 4. Chicks in the late group had higherglucose than those in the early and midterm groups (P< 0.01). Lactate was higher in chicks in the early groupthan in those in the late group (P < 0.01), with chicksin the midterm group being intermediate and not differentfrom the other groups. No effect of hatching timeon corticosterone level was observed.
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