Appraisals can also include a collective component, with some goals being participatively set by individuals or groups (London, 2007).
A configuration of these or similar practices suggests helping will occur frequently, and although it can be both task- and person-focused, the latter type of helping will occur more than in market pricing and equality matching climates. The variety of practices that increase employees’ interconnectedness and require they learn interpersonal and teamwork skills (Hom et al., 2009) instills norms for helping in the social realm, and facilitates helping in group-oriented contexts (Ng & Van Dyne, 2005). Weighing the collective effect of the above practices, we thus offer:
Proposition 3e: Helping behavior will occur more frequently in commitment HR systems and communal sharing climates than in market pricing and equality matching climates.
Proposition 3f: Helping behavior in commitment HR systems and communal sharing climates will be less task-focused and more person-focused than in market pricing and equality matching climates.