Patient who have had an ischemic stroke are at substantial risk for a recurrent stroke. Often, the acute-care team will determine the need for carotid endarterectomy or anticoagulation with warfarin, ticlopidine, or aspirin Neurorehabilitation can help with patient and family education regarding potential modifiable risk factor including hypertension diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, drug abuse, obesity, high serum cholesterol, coronary artery disease, t ventricular hypertrophy, and atrial fibrillation