Homework is often a hot-button issue for schools and is thus a frequent topic
of educational research. Harris Cooper, a leading expert on the relationship
between homework and achievement, defines homework as “tasks assigned by
school teachers that are meant to be carried out during noninstructional time”
(Bembenutty, 2011b, p. 185). There is considerable debate over the effectiveness
of homework among researchers, administrators, teachers, parents, and
students. In 2006, Cooper, Robinson, and Patall conducted a meta-analysis of