where V3 is the working volume of R3, which was 270 cm3. By
solving the Eqs. (1), (3) and (6)e(8), f20, f31 and f32 were
12.6 cm3 h1, 3.2 cm3 h1 and 23.8 cm3 h1, respectively. The
dilution rates of R20 (D20) and the total process (DT0) were then
calculated as follows: