The s.t.e.m. model of considerations for teaching
integrated STEM education classes provides useful information
for teachers to be successful (see Figure 1). The
teaching category is the largest since content knowledge is
the most important for teachers new to integrated STEM
education. Teachers can build on the recommendations for
effective teaching of integrated science and mathematics.
While this study did not investigate self-efficacy, it is an
important area for further study. Research has shown that
teachers’ content knowledge, experience, and pedagogical
content knowledge have a large impact on self-efficacy.
Over time, employing a student-centered approach to
teaching with well-structured activities will allow for
teachers to become more comfortable with the curriculum
and for students to be successful. Supporting teachers in
various ways and providing teachers with the necessary
materials to do their job well may enable integrated STEM
education teachers to be successful.