The search for alternatives to fossil energy traditional sources led to the development of a set of energy conversion processes, which include biomass thermochemical conversion technologies, such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, or gasification. These conversion technologies have shown significantevolutions, and there are already several examples available of application on an industrial scale. Biomassgasification processes have also presented significant developments, mainly when associated with the productionof syngas with potential for energy recovery or to produce synthetic fuels, but mainly due to its potential to beused as a sustainable hydrogen production technology. In the present work, a bibliographic review of the currentstate-of-the-art of the biomass gasification is carried out, focusing in the gasification technologies, syngascleaning processes, simulation methodologies on process parameters. Finally, future developments and possibilities are also analyzed and discussed, with the introduction of a new approach to hydrogen production basedon the use of an adapted combustion process with air deficit.