Lead is a bright silvery metal with a very slight shade of blue in a dry atmosphere.[2] It tarnishes on contact with air, forming a complex mixture of compounds whose color and composition depend on conditions, sometimes with significant amounts of carbonates and hydroxycarbonates.[3][4] Lead's characteristic properties include high density, softness, ductility, malleability, poor electrical conductivity compared to other metals, high resistance to corrosion, and ability to react with organic chemicals.[2]
Various traces of other metals significantly change its properties: adding small amounts of antimony or copper increases the lead alloy's hardness and improves resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion.[2] Some other metals, such as cadmium, tin, and tellurium, improve hardness and fight metal fatigue. Sodium and calcium also have this ability, but they reduce the alloy's chemical stability.[2] Finally, zinc and bismuth simply impair the corrosion resistance.[2] Adding small amounts of lead improves the ductility of steel, but lead impurities mostly worsen the quality of industrial materials.[2]
Lead is a bright silvery metal with a very slight shade of blue in a dry atmosphere.[2] It tarnishes on contact with air, forming a complex mixture of compounds whose color and composition depend on conditions, sometimes with significant amounts of carbonates and hydroxycarbonates.[3][4] Lead's characteristic properties include high density, softness, ductility, malleability, poor electrical conductivity compared to other metals, high resistance to corrosion, and ability to react with organic chemicals.[2]Various traces of other metals significantly change its properties: adding small amounts of antimony or copper increases the lead alloy's hardness and improves resistance to sulfuric acid corrosion.[2] Some other metals, such as cadmium, tin, and tellurium, improve hardness and fight metal fatigue. Sodium and calcium also have this ability, but they reduce the alloy's chemical stability.[2] Finally, zinc and bismuth simply impair the corrosion resistance.[2] Adding small amounts of lead improves the ductility of steel, but lead impurities mostly worsen the quality of industrial materials.[2]
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