target audience of the translared document, as well as for their own
personal or ideological reasons. For example, in an English text, a writer
might refer to someone as their 'right hand man'. if this expression does
not exist in the language that the text is being translated into, the
translator may find an alternative corresponding expression, or they may
try to retain authenticity by translating it directly, or if they have strong
feminist sentiments, they may opt to change the wording to 'person'.
Translation studies researchers look at these types of choices in an attempt
to access the thought processes that take place in the mind of the
translator while he or she is translating.
Translation studies scholars are also interested in studying the impact
that translations or collections of translations have had in the
sociocultural situation of the languages involved. They atrempt to use existing
theories of uanslation to predict what the process of translation is likely
to involve for particular pairs of languages and types ol text. This work
has applications in translator training, the preparation or translation aids,
such as dictionaries, grammars, term banks and in recent years, automatic
translators, the establishment of translation policy (which involves giving
advice on the role or the translator in a given socio-cultural context
deciding on the economic posicion of the translator, deciding which
texts need to be translated, or deciding what role translation should play
in the teaching of foreign languages), and translacion criticism, which
concerns itself with the development of criteria for the evaluation of the
quality or effectiveness of the translation product.