The present study showed the significant increase of fecal Bifidobacterium after consumption of 150 g/d of FJA and 32 g/d of OJA for 4 wk (P < 0.001), similar to previous reports(5,7). The FJA is suitably eaten as vegetable and could be stored at least 1 wk at 4°C. The OJA is tasty such as when taking with milk or yogurt and could be kept at least 2 wk at room temperature. Kleesen et al.(4) found that the addition of inulin in bakery products still stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium. Therefore, the OJA may be used as a supplement in various foods or cooking. In this study, the decrease or no change in fecal Bifidobacterium after both interventions was also observed in 25 of 116 volunteers (21.6 %) (Table 2). Moubareck et al.(16) reported that Bifidobacterium was susceptible to several antimicrobials including amoxicillin, which is commonly used for treatment of bacterial infections
262 วารสารเทคนิคการแพทย์และกายภาพบำ�บัด • ปีที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 3 • กันยายน-ธันวาคม 2556
such as upper respiratory tract infections. Thus, it might be possible that these volunteers may take antibiotics during the intervention period but did not note it.
It is noteworthy that the significant increase in fecal Bifidobacterium was also observed after the FJA consumption for 3 wk (P = 0.015). However, there was no significant difference in the OJA dietary group. In this study, the amounts of fecal Bifidobacterium from volunteers who completed the intervention were increased in higher levels than those of the 3-wk consumption. Bouhnik et al.(3) and Ramirez-Farias et al.(17) found that the amounts of Bifidobacterium tended to reduce and return to their baseline levels at 14 days or 21 days after the end of consumption. Therefore, Jerusalem artichoke should be taken continuously to maintain the amounts of intestinal Bifidobacterium.
Approximately 20% of volunteers receiving the FJA or OJA had softened stool after the intervention period, consistent with the previous study(9). Bouhnik et al.(3) and Marteau et al.(8) reported the digestive symptoms such as flatus, bloating, borborygmi and abdominal pain during inulin consumption. Although we did not assign volunteers to record their bowel symptoms, some of them had complained about these digestive symptoms including flatulence, borborygmi and bloating after Jerusalem artichoke ingestion. Previous studies showed the bifidogenic effect after receiving 15 g/d inulin for 28 to 45 days(1,8). Therefore, intake of Jerusalem artichoke with lower doses may not only increase intestinal Bifidobacterium but also reduce its side effect.In conclusion, this study clearly illustrated the bifidogenic effect of consuming 150 g/d of FJA and 32 g/d of OJA for 4 wk. This is useful information to promote Jerusalem artichoke as a potential health food for Thai and Asian people.
The present study showed the significant increase of fecal Bifidobacterium after consumption of 150 g/d of FJA and 32 g/d of OJA for 4 wk (P < 0.001), similar to previous reports(5,7). The FJA is suitably eaten as vegetable and could be stored at least 1 wk at 4°C. The OJA is tasty such as when taking with milk or yogurt and could be kept at least 2 wk at room temperature. Kleesen et al.(4) found that the addition of inulin in bakery products still stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium. Therefore, the OJA may be used as a supplement in various foods or cooking. In this study, the decrease or no change in fecal Bifidobacterium after both interventions was also observed in 25 of 116 volunteers (21.6 %) (Table 2). Moubareck et al.(16) reported that Bifidobacterium was susceptible to several antimicrobials including amoxicillin, which is commonly used for treatment of bacterial infections262 วารสารเทคนิคการแพทย์และกายภาพบำ�บัด • ปีที่ 25 ฉบับที่ 3 • กันยายน-ธันวาคม 2556such as upper respiratory tract infections. Thus, it might be possible that these volunteers may take antibiotics during the intervention period but did not note it.It is noteworthy that the significant increase in fecal Bifidobacterium was also observed after the FJA consumption for 3 wk (P = 0.015). However, there was no significant difference in the OJA dietary group. In this study, the amounts of fecal Bifidobacterium from volunteers who completed the intervention were increased in higher levels than those of the 3-wk consumption. Bouhnik et al.(3) and Ramirez-Farias et al.(17) found that the amounts of Bifidobacterium tended to reduce and return to their baseline levels at 14 days or 21 days after the end of consumption. Therefore, Jerusalem artichoke should be taken continuously to maintain the amounts of intestinal Bifidobacterium.Approximately 20% of volunteers receiving the FJA or OJA had softened stool after the intervention period, consistent with the previous study(9). Bouhnik et al.(3) and Marteau et al.(8) reported the digestive symptoms such as flatus, bloating, borborygmi and abdominal pain during inulin consumption. Although we did not assign volunteers to record their bowel symptoms, some of them had complained about these digestive symptoms including flatulence, borborygmi and bloating after Jerusalem artichoke ingestion. Previous studies showed the bifidogenic effect after receiving 15 g/d inulin for 28 to 45 days(1,8). Therefore, intake of Jerusalem artichoke with lower doses may not only increase intestinal Bifidobacterium but also reduce its side effect.In conclusion, this study clearly illustrated the bifidogenic effect of consuming 150 g/d of FJA and 32 g/d of OJA for 4 wk. This is useful information to promote Jerusalem artichoke as a potential health food for Thai and Asian people.
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