Wavelength, gas mixture/temperature program, and other ins mental parameters that are most appropriate foreach metal are found in the manual provided with the instrument. Background must always be used in flameless AAS and for applications at low concentrations. When results are outside of the linear range, the test solutions should be diluted with 0.1M HNO, C(d). Flame technique. Prepare calibration curves from a minimum of 3 standards Graphite furnace dameless) technique. The method of addi- tion should always be used. Measurements must be made in the lin ear range when method of addition is used. Measurements are preferably made with peak area rather than peak height.