Health
Victorian society changed from mainly rural based in 1837 to mainly urban based in 1901. Filthy and unhealthy cities developed. Slowly improvements in environmental health brought improvements in public health. Health problems brought the founding of the Central Board of Health and 1200 local boards in the 1830's. Great problem deceases like, TB, Typhoid, Measles, Whooping Cough, Scarlet fever, pulmonary and stomach complaints abounded. Medicine was rare and costly, herbs and folk medicines were important. In this period medical training was revolutionized, professionalised and nursing became respectable. Hospitals were built separate to the workhouses where traditionally they were connected. Vaccination spread and was made compulsory by Acts of 1853 and 1869, repealed though in 1898. The overcrowded old church graveyards were closed and new burial grounds were open, many run by private companies. Victorian poor (about a third of population) still suffered many health problems caused by poor domestic circumstances in 1901. Public parks in Urban areas were created bringing green spaces to ameliorate urban building developments. Yet a lot of coal was burned in Cities and towns leading them to look dark and filthy, for air to be unclean and smog to be a major problem to health.