E
ective communication skills
Skills that assist in keeping the focus on the patient and/or carer:
Looking and listening for cues.
Asking open questions. For example: ‘How are you?’
Asking open directive questions. For example: ‘How are you since I last saw you?’
Asking open questions about feelings.
Exploring cues. For example: ‘You said you are not with it, can you tell me more about that?’
Using pauses and silence.
Using minimal prompts.
Screening. For example: asking the question ‘Is there something else?’ before continuing with
the discussion.
Clarifying. For example: asking the question ‘You said you are not with it, from what you say, it sounds
like it is hard to concentrate?’
Skills that demonstrate listening:
Reflecting.
Acknowledging.
Summarising.
Empathising.
Making educated guesses.
Paraphrasing.
Checking.
Skills that assist with information giving:
Checking what information the person knows already.
Giving small amounts of information at a time, using clear terms and avoiding jargon.
Avoiding detail unless it is requested – do not assume people want to know.
Checking understanding using an open question. For example: ‘I’ve gone through some difficult
information, what sense have you made of it?’
Pausing and waiting for a response to what you have said before moving on.
Checking, with sensitivity, the effect of the information you have given on the patient or carer.
For example: ‘There has been a lot of information to take in today, how are you feeling?’
Eective communication skillsSkills that assist in keeping the focus on the patient and/or carer: Looking and listening for cues. Asking open questions. For example: ‘How are you?’ Asking open directive questions. For example: ‘How are you since I last saw you?’ Asking open questions about feelings. Exploring cues. For example: ‘You said you are not with it, can you tell me more about that?’ Using pauses and silence. Using minimal prompts. Screening. For example: asking the question ‘Is there something else?’ before continuing withthe discussion. Clarifying. For example: asking the question ‘You said you are not with it, from what you say, it soundslike it is hard to concentrate?’Skills that demonstrate listening: Reflecting. Acknowledging. Summarising. Empathising. Making educated guesses. Paraphrasing. Checking.Skills that assist with information giving: Checking what information the person knows already. Giving small amounts of information at a time, using clear terms and avoiding jargon. Avoiding detail unless it is requested – do not assume people want to know. Checking understanding using an open question. For example: ‘I’ve gone through some difficultinformation, what sense have you made of it?’ Pausing and waiting for a response to what you have said before moving on. Checking, with sensitivity, the effect of the information you have given on the patient or carer.For example: ‘There has been a lot of information to take in today, how are you feeling?’
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