When teacher open the page in their textbook they have to decide whether day should use the lesson on the page with their class is the language at the right level? Is the topic content suitable for the student? Are there the right kinds for activities in the book? Is the sequencing of the lesson logical?
If the language content and sequencing of the textbook are appropriate the teacher will want to go ahead and use it If however there is something wrong with the textbook, the teacher has to decide What to do next (we will discuss the general issue of the textbook advantages and disadvantage on page)
In this book making the most of your textbook, the author Neville grant suggest four alternatives when the teacher decide the textbook is not appropriate firstly, he or she might simply decide to omit the lesson That solves the problem of inappropriacy and allows him or her to get on with something else
There’s nothing wrong with omitting lesson for textbook teacher do it all the time developing a kind of pick and choose’ approach to what in front of them However if they omit too many page the student may begin to wonder why they are using the book in the first page especially if they have bought it themselves
Grant’s second option is to replace the textbook lesson with one of the teacher’s own this has obvious advantages: the teacher’s own material probably interest him or her more than the textbook and it may will be more appropriate for the student if the teacher is dealing with the same language or topic the student can still use the textbook to revise that particular language/vocabulary but the same comments apply here as for omission if too much of the textbook is replaced, both student and teacher may wonder if it is worth bothering with it at all
The third option is to add to what is in the textbook if the lesson is rather boring too controlled, or if it give no chance for student to use what they are learning in a personal kind of way the teacher may want to add activities and exercise which extend the student engagement with the language or topic addition is a good alternative since it use the textbook’s strength but marries them with the teacher’s own skills and perception of the class in front of him or her
The final option is for the teacher to adapt what is in the book if a reading text in the textbook is dealt with in a boring or uncreative way if an invitation sequence is too predictable or if the teacher simply want to deal with the material his or her way he or she can adapt the lesson using the same basic material but doing it in his or her own style
Using textbook creatively is one of the premier teacher skill however good the material is, more experienced teacher do not go through it word for word instead, they use the best bits add to some exercise and adapt others sometimes they replaced textbook material with their own idea or idea from other teacher and books and occasionally they may omit the textbook lesson completely
In the following four examples we are going to show how textbook material can be use creatively by teacher
Example 1:addition (intermediate)
Most textbook have word list, sometimes at the back of the book sometime at the end of the unit or a section there are usually ignored except by some student who often write inaccurate translation of the word teacher seldom touch them yet here is a chance t add to what a textbook provides in enjoyable and useful ways
The following word list occurs after three lesson of intermediate material there are immediately thing that we can do with such an apparently static piece of text they fall into three categories: personal engagement, word formation and word game
Personal engagement: the teacher can ask student to discuss questions like ‘Which word have a positive meaning After they have discussed this with other student they might come up with attractive and magnificent as positive word and dangerous and sunburnt as negative word the teacher then ask the same question about the word in this phrases: ‘dangerous –game’ ‘dangerous love’ ‘dramatic success’ ‘dramatic failure’ ‘expensive outfit’ ‘expensive train ticker’ etc., to show how word change their connotation
The teacher can ask student to list their five favorite words from the list word that appeal to them because of their meaning, sound spelling etc.
The teacher can ask student whether of the word look or should like words in their language and whether they mean the same this is especially useful for other Romance language
Finally, the teacher can ask student which word will be most useful to them in the future
All of these questions ask the student to almost physically engage with the meaning of the word and what the words say to them the word list has immediately become dynamic, not static
Word study: the teacher can ask a number of question about how the word are constructed student can be ask to make a list of word which are stressed on the first second or third syllables they can be ask how many of the adjective can be changed into verbs and/ or what endings the verbs would need if they were changed into adjective they can be ask to identify compound word and say how they are formed
There are many possible activities here: how we make contrary meaning by adding un or in for example how we give adjective a comparative from, which of the verb are regular and what sound their past tense ending make etc. In each case, using a word list reminds student of some of the rule governing word and their grammar
Word game: after a discussion about headline the student are ask to use word from the list in headline for a bad tabloid newspaper, e.g. Attractive in doctor dramatic motorway experience!
Example 2: adaptation (elementary/pre-intermediate)
In this example, the teacher decides that through there is absolutely nothing wrong with the textbook page in front of him he want to do it differently perhaps for motivational reason, perhaps just because he’ll enjoy it more of because he think the student need the kind of roll play activity he is planning
In the textbook he is using the student are studying a unit called keeping the customer satisfied in the last class they discussed whether they agreed that the customer is always right they studied word (like polite and rude) with positive and negative meaning they did a customer service questionnaire about places they knew and they listen to people talking about good and bad service In group they discussed whether staff needed different qualities in different place the next page of the textbook is reproduced on page115
Instead of having student discuss the implication of the bank manager’s decision to dress informally, the teacher tell them that they are going to write telephone dialogues for the following situation: an important customer has complain to the head office of ‘The old Trusted Bank’ because his local bank manager was wearing jeans and sweatshirt when the customer had a meeting with him or her the other day why did he do it? What’s wrong with it? The personal director from the head office rings up the bank manager to discuss the issue
In group they now role-play a head office meeting in which a committee decides whether to let staff dress informally or not while they are doing this, the teacher goes around listening if he hears that students use ‘will’, ‘might’ or ‘won’t’ perfectly correctly he move on to the next section of the book
The example show how a teacher take an original textbook idea, adapts it, putting in his own activities whilst staying faithful to the language and topic of the writers he is perfectly happy to use the material if necessary but simply want to give the lesson his own ‘spin’
Example 3: replace (lower intermediate)
In this example of replacing textbook material with a teacher’s own ideas, the teacher’s decision to try and find his own material leads to a radically different type of lesson
เมื่อครูเปิดหน้าหนังสือของพวกเขาพวกเขาต้องตัดสินใจว่า วันที่ควรใช้บทเรียนหน้านัก เป็นภาษาในระดับเหมาะสมหรือไม่ คือหัวข้อเนื้อหาเหมาะสำหรับนักเรียน มีชนิดที่เหมาะสมสำหรับกิจกรรมในสมุด จัดลำดับของบทเรียนเป็นตรรกะหรือไม่ ถ้าภาษาเนื้อหาและลำดับของตำราเรียนเหมาะสมครูจะต้องไปข้างหน้า และใช้ว่าอย่างไรก็ตาม มีบางอย่างผิดปกติกับตำราเรียน ครูได้ตัดสินใจว่า จะทำอย่างไรต่อไป (เราจะพูดคุยเรื่องทั่วไปข้อดีตำรา และข้อเสียเปรียบหน้า) ในหนังสือเล่มนี้ส่วนใหญ่ของหนังสือ ผู้เขียนเนวิลล์ให้แนะนำทางเลือกที่ 4 เมื่อครูเลือกหนังสือไม่เหมาะสมประการแรก เขาหรือเธออาจเพียงตัดสินใจที่จะข้ามบทเรียนที่แก้ปัญหาของ inappropriacy และช่วยให้เขาหรือเธอได้รับกับสิ่งอื่น ไม่มีอะไรผิดละเว้นบทเรียนครูตำราทำตลอดเวลาที่พัฒนาแบบ pick and choose' เข้าที่หน้าของพวกเขาอย่างไรก็ตาม ถ้าจะตัดหน้ามากเกินไป นักเรียนอาจจะเริ่มสงสัยว่า ทำไมพวกเขาใช้หนังสือในหน้าแรกโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งถ้าพวกเขาซื้อมันเอง Grant’s second option is to replace the textbook lesson with one of the teacher’s own this has obvious advantages: the teacher’s own material probably interest him or her more than the textbook and it may will be more appropriate for the student if the teacher is dealing with the same language or topic the student can still use the textbook to revise that particular language/vocabulary but the same comments apply here as for omission if too much of the textbook is replaced, both student and teacher may wonder if it is worth bothering with it at allThe third option is to add to what is in the textbook if the lesson is rather boring too controlled, or if it give no chance for student to use what they are learning in a personal kind of way the teacher may want to add activities and exercise which extend the student engagement with the language or topic addition is a good alternative since it use the textbook’s strength but marries them with the teacher’s own skills and perception of the class in front of him or her The final option is for the teacher to adapt what is in the book if a reading text in the textbook is dealt with in a boring or uncreative way if an invitation sequence is too predictable or if the teacher simply want to deal with the material his or her way he or she can adapt the lesson using the same basic material but doing it in his or her own style Using textbook creatively is one of the premier teacher skill however good the material is, more experienced teacher do not go through it word for word instead, they use the best bits add to some exercise and adapt others sometimes they replaced textbook material with their own idea or idea from other teacher and books and occasionally they may omit the textbook lesson completelyIn the following four examples we are going to show how textbook material can be use creatively by teacherExample 1:addition (intermediate)Most textbook have word list, sometimes at the back of the book sometime at the end of the unit or a section there are usually ignored except by some student who often write inaccurate translation of the word teacher seldom touch them yet here is a chance t add to what a textbook provides in enjoyable and useful waysThe following word list occurs after three lesson of intermediate material there are immediately thing that we can do with such an apparently static piece of text they fall into three categories: personal engagement, word formation and word gamePersonal engagement: the teacher can ask student to discuss questions like ‘Which word have a positive meaning After they have discussed this with other student they might come up with attractive and magnificent as positive word and dangerous and sunburnt as negative word the teacher then ask the same question about the word in this phrases: ‘dangerous –game’ ‘dangerous love’ ‘dramatic success’ ‘dramatic failure’ ‘expensive outfit’ ‘expensive train ticker’ etc., to show how word change their connotation The teacher can ask student to list their five favorite words from the list word that appeal to them because of their meaning, sound spelling etc.The teacher can ask student whether of the word look or should like words in their language and whether they mean the same this is especially useful for other Romance language Finally, the teacher can ask student which word will be most useful to them in the futureAll of these questions ask the student to almost physically engage with the meaning of the word and what the words say to them the word list has immediately become dynamic, not staticWord study: the teacher can ask a number of question about how the word are constructed student can be ask to make a list of word which are stressed on the first second or third syllables they can be ask how many of the adjective can be changed into verbs and/ or what endings the verbs would need if they were changed into adjective they can be ask to identify compound word and say how they are formedThere are many possible activities here: how we make contrary meaning by adding un or in for example how we give adjective a comparative from, which of the verb are regular and what sound their past tense ending make etc. In each case, using a word list reminds student of some of the rule governing word and their grammarWord game: after a discussion about headline the student are ask to use word from the list in headline for a bad tabloid newspaper, e.g. Attractive in doctor dramatic motorway experience!Example 2: adaptation (elementary/pre-intermediate)In this example, the teacher decides that through there is absolutely nothing wrong with the textbook page in front of him he want to do it differently perhaps for motivational reason, perhaps just because he’ll enjoy it more of because he think the student need the kind of roll play activity he is planningIn the textbook he is using the student are studying a unit called keeping the customer satisfied in the last class they discussed whether they agreed that the customer is always right they studied word (like polite and rude) with positive and negative meaning they did a customer service questionnaire about places they knew and they listen to people talking about good and bad service In group they discussed whether staff needed different qualities in different place the next page of the textbook is reproduced on page115Instead of having student discuss the implication of the bank manager’s decision to dress informally, the teacher tell them that they are going to write telephone dialogues for the following situation: an important customer has complain to the head office of ‘The old Trusted Bank’ because his local bank manager was wearing jeans and sweatshirt when the customer had a meeting with him or her the other day why did he do it? What’s wrong with it? The personal director from the head office rings up the bank manager to discuss the issueIn group they now role-play a head office meeting in which a committee decides whether to let staff dress informally or not while they are doing this, the teacher goes around listening if he hears that students use ‘will’, ‘might’ or ‘won’t’ perfectly correctly he move on to the next section of the book
The example show how a teacher take an original textbook idea, adapts it, putting in his own activities whilst staying faithful to the language and topic of the writers he is perfectly happy to use the material if necessary but simply want to give the lesson his own ‘spin’
Example 3: replace (lower intermediate)
In this example of replacing textbook material with a teacher’s own ideas, the teacher’s decision to try and find his own material leads to a radically different type of lesson
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