In hip prosthesis, surface defects reduce fatigue and wear
resistances . In electronic passive components, defects are also
pernicious due to the lack of continuity and signal perturbations.
In the mould making for plastic industry, surface defects such
as, detachment of particles or microcracks, alter the quality of the
moulds and are frequently unacceptable . These are some
examples of defects found in these industrial sectors, without
aiming at being exhaustive. Most existing NDT techniques are not able to detect and character-
These products have very rapidly evolved at scienti c, techno-
ize these defects, since they were developed for other requirements
than the ones brought up by micro fabrication. The main problem,
when detecting defects in micro fabrication, is the poor sensibility of
NDT for such very small defect dimensions. Though there are advanced
techniques to detect micrometric defects based on ultrasounds or eddy
currents, these are not adaptable to micro components, since the
probes cannot be coupled to the parts under inspection. X-rays also face limitations when applied to small scale components.Dye penetrant and magnetic particles techniques are commonly used to reveal surface defects. These methods were a subject of research till the 90's but no further signi cant develop-
ments have been published there after. More recently, V. Mahendran et al. applied nano uids in ferromagnetic materials to
reveal surface defects, by the color change, due to the variation in
the interparticle spacing within the self-assembled nano-arrays in
the presence of a defect. Another area of research uses light
scattering and image analysis for detection and characterization
of surfaces .
In hip prosthesis, surface defects reduce fatigue and wear
resistances . In electronic passive components, defects are also
pernicious due to the lack of continuity and signal perturbations.
In the mould making for plastic industry, surface defects such
as, detachment of particles or microcracks, alter the quality of the
moulds and are frequently unacceptable . These are some
examples of defects found in these industrial sectors, without
aiming at being exhaustive. Most existing NDT techniques are not able to detect and character-
These products have very rapidly evolved at scienti c, techno-
ize these defects, since they were developed for other requirements
than the ones brought up by micro fabrication. The main problem,
when detecting defects in micro fabrication, is the poor sensibility of
NDT for such very small defect dimensions. Though there are advanced
techniques to detect micrometric defects based on ultrasounds or eddy
currents, these are not adaptable to micro components, since the
probes cannot be coupled to the parts under inspection. X-rays also face limitations when applied to small scale components.สีย้อมแทรกซึมอนุภาคแม่เหล็กและเทคนิค มักใช้ในการเปิดเผยข้อบกพร่องบนพื้นผิว วิธีการเหล่านี้เป็นหัวข้อของการวิจัยจนถึง 90 แต่ไม่อาจ signi พัฒนา -
ments ได้รับการเผยแพร่มีหลังจากที่ เมื่อเร็วๆ นี้ วี mahendran et al . ใช้นาโนวัสดุ ferromagnetic หมายเลขผู้ใช้ของ
เปิดเผยข้อบกพร่องบนพื้นผิว โดยเปลี่ยนสีเนื่องจากการเปลี่ยนแปลงใน
การปลูกควอนตัมดอตนาโน interparticle ภายในอาร์เรย์ใน
สถานะของข้อบกพร่อง พื้นที่อื่นของการวิจัยที่ใช้แสง
กระจายและการวิเคราะห์ภาพเพื่อการตรวจสอบและศึกษาสมบัติ
ของพื้นผิว
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